Kusiyana kweSimende yeMapaipi eIron eDuctile EN197-1

Mapaipi esimbi akagadzirwa nesimbianoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi emvura nekuda kwekusimba kwawo kwakanyanya, kusimba, uye kugara kwenguva refu. Kuti adzivise ngura yemukati uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mvura yakanaka, anowanzo putirwa nesimbi yesimbi (CML). Rudzi rwesimende inoshandiswa muma linings aya rwakakosha, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekushandisa uye zvinodiwa pakushanda.

Muyero weEuropean EN 197-1:2011ndiyo nzira huru yekutsanangura nekuronga masimende akafanana.Simende yePortland, simende isingapindi sarufa, simende ine alumina yakawanda zvinowanzo shandiswa pakuisa mapaipi esimbi akagadzirwa nesimbi.Musiyano mukuru pakati pavo uri mukugadzirwa kwavo kwemaminerari, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga mashandiro ekupedzisira ejira racho.Zvinotevera zvinoratidza musiyano uripo pakati pemhando nhatu dzesimende dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa:

Simende yePortland: Chero chinhu chinosungirirwa ne hydraulic chakagadzirwa nemusanganiswa we calcium silicate-based Portland cement clinker, pasi pe 5% limestone kana granulated blast furnace slag, uye huwandu hwakakodzera hwe gypsum, pamwe chete chinonzi Portland cement, uye pasi rese chinonzi Portland cement.

Hunhu hwesimende yePortland hunosanganisira kukurumidza kugadzika nekuomesa, kusimba kukuru kwekutanga, kunyorova zvakanyanya, kusava nechando zvakanaka, kusasimba zvakanaka kwengura, kusasimba kwakanyanya panguva yekuomesa, uye kusasimba zvakanyanya pakupfekwa. Yakakodzera mapurojekiti ekongiri yakasimba uye nzvimbo dzinopisa zvishoma, asi haina kukodzera kongiri yakakura kana nzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya, dzinopisa zvakanyanya.

Simende Inodzivirira Sulfate: Simende yePortland isingapindi sulfate inoiswa muzvikamu zviviri zvichienderana nekudzivirira kwayo kurwiswa nesulfate: simende yePortland isingapindi sulfate yepakati uye simende yePortland isingapindi sulfate yepakati. Simende yePortland isingapindi sulfate yepakati isimbi yehydraulic isingapindi sulfate ions, inogadzirwa nekukuya clinker yePortland cement ine musanganiswa wakakodzera uye kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwegypsum. Simende iyi inonzi P·MSR. Simende yePortland isingapindi sulfate yepamusoro isimbi yehydraulic isingapindi sulfate ions, inogadzirwa nekukuya clinker yePortland cement ine musanganiswa wakakodzera uye kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwegypsum. Simende iyi inonzi P·HSR.

Zvinhu Zvinoita Simende Isingapindi Sulfate: Simende inodzivirira sulfate isimbi yakagadzirwa kuti isarwiswe nesulfate. Yakagadzirwa kubva kuPortland cement clinker ine huwandu hwakakodzera hwegypsum. Zvichienderana nekusapindira kwayo musulfate, yakakodzera kumapurojekiti anosangana nesulfate kwenguva refu, akadai semachiteshi engarava, mapurojekiti ekuchengetedza mvura, uye zvivakwa zvepasi pevhu, pamwe nenzvimbo dzakasangana nesulfate-corrosive media, dzakadai semafekitori emakemikari nemafekitori ekuchenesa tsvina.

Simende ine alumina yakawanda: Simende ine alumina yakawanda isimbi inosungirirwa ne hydraulic yakagadzirwa ne calcined uye ground clinker inoumbwa ne calcium aluminate uye ine alumina inosvika 50%. Inozivikanwawo se refractory cement kana aluminate cement. Kuumbwa kwayo kwemakemikari kunosanganisira aluminium oxide Al₂O₃ uye calcium oxide CaO, ine mamwe ma oxides mashoma akadai seSiO₂ naFe₂O₃. Kuwanda kwealuminium oxide kunowanzo pfuura 50%, zvakanyanya kupfuura simende yakajairika. Kuwanda kwealuminium uku kunoipa hunhu hwakasiyana-siyana hunoshamisa.

Zvimiro zvakanaka zvesimende ine alumina yakawanda

• Simba Rekutanga: Chinhu chinonyanya kuzivikanwa nesimende ine alumina yakawanda kukura kwayo nekukurumidza. Mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekudururwa, inogona kusvika pamusoro pe80% yesimba rayo rekupedzisira. Iyi nzvimbo inoita kuti ive yakakodzera mapurojekiti anotora nguva yakareba akadai seaya anoda kubviswa kwesimbi nekukurumidza, kugadziriswa nekukurumidza, uye kuvakwa munguva yechando.
• Kuramba Kupisa Kwakanyanya: Zvigadzirwa zvesimende ine alumina yakawanda zvinogara zvakagadzikana kana tembiricha yakakwira. Kana yapiswa, inopinda muchikamu chakasimba, ichigadzira zvicherwa zvitsva zvakaita seceramic zvinochengetedza simba rakati. Inowanzo shandiswa sechinobatanidza muzvinhu zvinogadziriswa zvisingachinji uye mumadziro ezvitofu zvemaindasitiri, uye inogona kutsungirira tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya.
• Kuramba Kuora: Inodzivirira kurwiswa nemakemikari nemasulfate, maasidhi asina simba, nemamwe makemikari kupfuura simende yePortland. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti zvigadzirwa zvayo zvekunyorovesa mvura hazviburitse calcium hydroxide necalcium aluminate hydrate, izvo zvinogona kurwiswa nesulfate. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakosha kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinopisa, dzakadai senzvimbo dzemakemikari, nzvimbo dzetsvina, uye mainjiniya egungwa.